Australian mining is the clearest case for a hand-carry anywhere in the world. The equipment is European, the sites are remote, and a stopped machine in the Pilbara or the Bowen Basin costs more per hour than the entire courier assignment. The part is usually small and usually sitting on a shelf in Germany.
Medical, scientific and defence traffic is the second strand. Calibration standards, instrument spares, trial material and certified components move between German manufacturers and Australian hospitals, laboratories and yards on schedules set by other people. Adelaide's naval shipbuilding programme has made the certified-spares flow noticeably heavier.
And Australia is a documents market in a way people underestimate. Education, immigration, legal and corporate processes all still turn on original documents with original stamps, and the time zone means a day lost is genuinely a day lost.


